What is the cause of my child’s vomiting and diarrhea?

by Katie M. Bell, RPA-C

The most likely cause of these common symptoms is a viral gastroenteritis, a virus affecting the stomach and GI tract. This is a viral illness that is often seen in children and adults at any time of the year.

Is this the illness that is prevented by the flu shot?

No, it is a common misconception that the “stomach flu” is the same as the seasonal influenza that we can get vaccinated against.

What are other common symptoms seen with viral gastroenteritis?

This illness will usually cause vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain and sometimes fevers. Some children will also experience headaches, lethargy, dizziness, and poor appetite.

How long should I expect this to last?

Viral gastroenteritis can last anywhere from 24 hours to 1 week.

How is this treated?

There are currently no medications that can successfully treat this illness. The goal in treating gastroenteritis is to effectively treat the symptoms involved. The most important thing to do is make sure you child drinks plenty of clear fluids and stay hydrated. A bland diet (sometimes referred to as the BRAT diet) should be followed until symptoms resolve. Good foods to offer your child while they are sick are toast, crackers, bananas, rice, jello, etc. You may also give you child the recommended dose of acetaminophen or ibuprofen for any fevers, headaches, or body aches. Foods to avoid are dairy products, sugary drinks, spicy and greasy foods.

When should we seek medical attention?

It is important to take your child to his or her pediatrician if there are any signs or symptoms of dehydration. A child may be dehydrated if they have a decrease in urinary output, dry mouth or lips, and/or dizziness. If there are any signs of dehydration or the symptoms are lasting longer than a few days then it’s a good idea to seek medical attention.