What causes the flu?

by Lyndsey M. Carlson, RPA-C

The flu is a respiratory illness caused by the Influenza virus. It is transmitted via respiratory droplets, commonly spread when coughing, sneezing or talking (from up to six feet away!). Sometimes, the virus can be spread through contact with contaminated surfaces, such as countertops and door knobs. Infected children and adults can be contagious 24 hours before they even become symptomatic, and they can continue to spread the virus for up to a week after becoming sick.

Symptoms of the flu can include: fever, cough, sore throat, fatigue, body aches, runny or stuffy nose, vomiting and diarrhea. Flu symptoms typically last a few days to two weeks. In certain populations, such as young children, asthmatics, and the elderly, more severe complications can develop. Pneumonia, bronchitis, and an increase in asthma attacks are common, all of which can result in severe illness and even death.

Q: How Do I Prevent Flu Infections?

A: One of the easiest ways to protect yourself and your family from the influenza virus is to get a yearly flu vaccination. The flu shot is an inactivated (killed) version of strains of influenza, while the intranasal version of the vaccination contains a live virus. Each year, a new vaccine is made based on predictions of what strains of flu will be prevalent in the coming year. In order to prevent infection and complications from influenza, it is recommended that you and your children receive a yearly flu vaccination.